Mining machine



(No Model.) I I 3 ShGGtS-Sh88t 1. 0. E. ZOHE. MINING MACHINE.

No. 5081356. Patented Nov. 14,1893.

' a sneeze-spear a.

7' (No Model.) E. ZOHE,

MINING MAGHINB.

I 'No. 508356. Patented Nov. 14,- 1893.

UNITED TA E "PATENT QFFICE- OSCAR E. ZOHE, OF SCRANTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALFTO SAMUEL HINES, or SAME PLACE.

MINING-,MACH'INE'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters l atent No. 508,856, dated November 14,1893.

' Application filed Machete. sem nmmazvz. (NomodeL) To all whom it may concern: y

1 Be it known-that I; OsoAR E. ZOHE, a citi{ zen of the United States, residing'at Scr'an-f ton, in the county'of' Lackawanna andState 5 of Pennsylvania, have invented new and use:

ful Improvements in Mining-Machines, of which the following is a specificationJ This inventionhasfor its object to, provide a new and improved mining machine particu rc larly designed for coal mines, but useful for quarrying, andfonmany other purposes not necessary tospecifically-mention. 1

The invention also has for its object to provide that .typeof mining machines having I 5 percussive picks or tools with novel means for entirely relieving the attendant from the shocks incident to the impact of the pick or tool. v r The invention also has for its object to provide a mining machine having a percussive pick or tool with novel shock-relieving mechanism which can be utilized for advancing or feeding .the machine. 1

The invention also'has for its object to provide novel means for cushioningthe pick or tool carrierv and counter-acting the shock should .the blow fail to be expended wholly or in part on the coal or rock. v I The invention also has for its objects to provide novel means for reciprocating the pick or tool carrier and disconnecting itfrom the main driving devices for its subsequent'stroke under the influence of a spring; and to pro% vide novel means whereby the attendant can quickly and.convenientlyregulate or control thelength of stroke of the pick or tool carrier, To accomplish'al l these objects my invention consists ihth'e features of construction and the combination or arrangementof devices hereinafter described and claimed, reference being made to the accompanying drawings,in V which Figure l is a side elevation of a miningmachine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3 is a rear end elevation on a larger scale, portions of the machine being broken away. Fig. 4: is a detail transverse sectional view taken on the line 14, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detail longitudi- 5c nal central sectional view showing the motor shaft, the sleeve nut, the recovering springs,

5 Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view-taken on theand a portion of the housing orcasing. Fig. "5 is a similar view, showin'giathe pick or. tool carrying shaft,-the frictio n brakaand the front portionfof the housing or casing. Fig. "6 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 6-6, Fig. 1. Fig.7 is a detail perspective View of the supporting bearing for the rear portion of the pick, or' tool-carrying shaft.

line S8, Fig; 1. Fig. 9 is a detail view,showing the front end portion of the .sleeve nut and omittingthe friction clutch section carried thereby; and-Fig.1O is'a' detail view looking at the rear end of the friction clutch section carried by the -sleeveaniit.

In order to enable those skilled inthe art to make and usemy.invention, I.will now demay be of any known;.type,'- and therefore I do not deem it necessary to describe or illustrate the same in detail. .The housing or casing is supported by two ground wheels'3 loosely mounted on an axle or spindle 41ocatedpreferably at thecenter of equilibrium of the machine or arranged so near the same that the propulsion of the machine involves no material-effort in order to preserve the balance. I v I The motor-shaft 5 is provided with a pinion 6, Fig. 2, which engages a gear-wheel 7 rigidly secured upon an actuating-shaft 8 which imparts movement to the tool or pickcarrying shaft hereinafterdescribed. As the motor-shaft normallyrotates in one and the same direction, theactu'ating-shaft 8 will likewise be rotated in one direction opposite to' that of the motor-shaft by which'it'isidriven. The actuating-shaft 8 is supportedator near its rear end bya single bearing 9, and is provided in advance thereof with a screw thread engaging a nut composed of a sleeve 10 hav- ,ing a female thread which extends a portion only of the interior thereof, as shown in Fig.

5. The sleeve nut is cylindrical, and is practically divided into two parts, one of which is provided with the female thread 12, while the other is counterbored or enlarged to have no contact with the threaded portion of the actuating-shaft 8 with which the sleeve nut is concentric. The counterbored portion, of the sleeve nut lies in front of the female thread 12, and comprises about one-half the length of the sleeve-nut more or less, and the sleeve-nut is arranged within a concentric cylindrical casing 13, the rear end of which, or that extremity nearest the motor 2, is bolted by screws 15, or is otherwise secured to a split ring 14 adapted to rotate inan annular groove or channel 14 formed in the actuating-shaft 8.

The exterior face of the sleeve-nut 10 is provided at points diametrically opposite eachother with longitudinal grooves or keyways 16, arranged parallel with the axis of the sleeve-nut, and extending over that portion'of the same in which the female thread is formed, and in the grooves or key-ways 16 are arranged the keys, splines, or feathers 17 forming parts of the concentric cylindrical casing13.

The inner endof the casing 13 is provided I with aring 18 rigidly bolted thereto and to 1 9, and a similar spring 22 is coiled around the casing 13. The two springs are connected at one end to the casings 13 and 19, while the other ends of the springs are secured respectively to the circular bearing 19 and a collar 19 on the actuatingshaft.

The end of the sleeve-nut 10 is keyed or otherwise secured to the female section 24 of a friction clutch, the other or male section 25 i Y of which forms part of the pick or tool-carrying shaft 26. The section 24 of the clutch is provided with a conoidal socket to receive theconoidal section 25 in such manner that when the clutch sections are properly engaged and the sleeve-n ut is retracted, as will hereinafter-appear, the pick and tool-carrying shaft 26 will also be retract.ed,or moved toward the -rear end of the machine, which is the end upon which the motor 2 is mounted.

The conoidal clutch section 25 is provided at its base with a rigidcollar 48, from which extends a hub-like enlargement 49 to fit a socketx50 at one end of astationary bearing 27, which socket contains a cushion composed,

- as here shown, of a disk or ring 51 ofvflexible or .elastic material, for the purpose of cushioning the shock of the blow if the pick fails to strike the coal or rock, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

The tool-carrying shaft is angular in cross section and extends through a sleeve 52 adapted to rotate in the bearing 27, the construction being such that this sleeve is held against longitudinal movement while permitting the tool-carrying shaft to move longitudinally therein. The bearing 27 is held in a rigid position within the housing or casing 1 and this may be accomplished by providing the latter with an internal projection 53 to which a laterally flanged portion 54 of the bearing is secured by set bolts 55. The front end of the tool-carrying shaft is secured to a bushing 29 bya key 56, or otherwise, which bushing is adapted to turn and move longitudinally to a limited degree in a sleeve 57 which is held against rotation by keys 5.8 engaging key-ways 59, Fig. 8, in the sleeve 57, and secured by screws 61 to the interior of a stationary cylinder or casing 28 constituting a longitudinal extension of the housing or casing 1. The tool-holding socket 30 is screwed into the sleeve 57, and between the toolsocket and the bushing 29'is arranged a disk, ring, or washer 62 which is of brass, or other material, difierent from the other parts, as dissimilar metals give the required results.

The keys 58 engaging the key-ways 59 permit the sleeve .57 to move longitudinally, but hold it against turning axially. A spiralspring 31, coiled upon the tool-carrying shaft 26 is secured at one end to the sleeve 52, and at the opposite end bears against the sleeve 57 in such manner that when the tool-carrying shaft is retracted or moved toward the rear end of the machine, the spring is compressed, and when the tool-carrying shaft is released, as hereinafter described, the resiliency of the spring throws the tool-carrying shaft forward and strikes the blow. A friction-brake 32 encircles a part of the sleeve 52 for the purpose of arresting rotary motion of the tool-carrying shaft, as will hereinafter appear.

The friction-brake, as here illustrated, is composed of a strap 32 having its ends attached to a screw-th readed stem 33 projecting through the housing or casing 1, and provided with an adjusting-nut 34 and a lock-nut 35, whereby the strap can be tightened or loosened, as will be obvious by reference to Fig. 6.

The preferred'form of connecting the female clutch-section 24 with the sleeve-nut 10 is to provide the extremity of the latter with a transverse groove 63, Fig. 9, receiving a projecting part 64, Fig. 10, of the clutch-section 24, and securing the projection 64 by a pin 65 passed through the end of thesleevenut, as will be understood by reference to Fig. 5.

The interior of the housing or casing 1 is provided with an adjustable stop-ring or collar 35? having trunnion pins 36 extending through longitudinal slots 36 in the housing or casing and connected with the arms or members of a yoke 37 pivotally connected-to a slide-bar 38 mounted in a box 39 on the rear portion or the honsi'ng '1 casing. The slidebar 38 is provided with a projecting arm 40, engaging a screw 41 which is journaled in brackets 42 projecting from the box 39. Thescrew 41 is coupled by a universal *joint 42 with; an inclined shaft 43 supported by 'a bracket 44, and having a hand-wheel 45, orother device by which it may be rotated for the purpose of turning the screw 41 and therebycausing the yoke 37 to adjust the ring or collar 35 forward or-backward according to the direction in which the handwheel is turned, whereby the length of stroke {A'sbefore stated, the 'ground-wheels3 are loosely mounted on the axle or spindle 4, andone'jof the groundpwheel s is provided with an attached worm-wheel 47, with which engages a worm 46 mounted in abearin'g 64 which 'coriStitutes' a stationary part of the main frame, or of the housing orcasing- 1. The worm 46 is adapted to be rotatedthroughthe mediu'm'of a'h'and-wheel 65 for imparting a rotating motion to-the'worni-wheel47,and thusfeeding or ad-Vancin'g'the machine. The

worm-wheel and the worm constitute a shockrelieving mechanism, in that in their normal position they rigidly hold the ground-whee13:

in stationary position, and consequently when the percussive pick or tool strikes its-blow the shock incident tothe impact of the pick or tool is entirely taken up by the frame of the I machine, and is not transmitted to the attendant, e'venthongh the latter is grasping the handles'63. Bythis means, infee'ding the machine, the attendant does not receive the shocks of the blows, whichis a very important advantage over prior machines of this character, in that with all prior'machines having a percussive pick or tool, the attendant is com pelled to hold on by main force to the machine, and thereby receives the shocks incident to the impactofthe pick or tool on the coal or rock.

I have only illustrated the shock-relieving mechanism applied to one of' the ground wheels 3, but obviously the'same mechanism other motor revolves the actuating-shaft 8,-

and the clutch'sections 24 and'25 being engaged, the action of the screw-threaded'part TThe cushion 51 may be composed of any suitof the shaft 8 draws the sleeve-nut 10 and the 'tool carrying shaft rearward, thereby com pressing the spring 31, and the rotation of the cylindrical casings 13 and19 being re tarded, by the brake 32, the tension of the springs 21 and 22' is increased'by the shaft 8 winding them upon the respective cylindrical casings. When the endof: the rearward stroke is reached, the collar 48 'atthe base of the male clutch-section 25 strikes the stop collar or ring 35 and consequentlythe tool-carrying shaft is disengaged from the actuating mechanism by theseparation of the clutch sections, whereupon the spring 31 is free to exert its power and to project the tool-carrying shaft against the coal or rock. This action leaves the springs 21 and 22 "free to exert their force, so that they act as recovering, springs to restore the parts to normal position,which theyaccom- -26forward,f thereby driving the pick or tool" plish by rotating the sleeve-nut 10 on the threaded part of the actuating-shaft 8,'whereby the female section 24'ofthe friction-clutch is driven forward and caused to engage the male member-25 which is carried by thetool motion to the sleeve-nut 10, and" consequently when the female eclutch section 24 shaft 26, when the 'parts-areready for repe'ti 'tion of the operation. and '22'exert their power to rotate the cylin-- comesinto engagement with the male clutch section 25, a rotary m'otiontis'impart'ed-tothe latter and to the tool-shaft 26,--which rotary motion of the tool-shaft is arrested byth'e friction brake strap 32, so;that the; force/ofthe momentum of the clutch 'is'counteracted or'taken up. To facilitate-the separation of the clutch sectionsiwh'en the back stroke ofthe tool-carrying shaft is arrested'by the col-'- lar or ring'35 ,I may pro'vide two projecting points 60 and 60%, mounted respectively on the ends of the screw-threaded part of *the shaft 8, and the end of the male se'ction25of the friction clutch. -These devicesare desirable when the tool-carrying shaft is working at its full stroke.

It will be'obv'ious that the winding up of the springs 21 and 22 is accomplished by retarding the axial rotation-of Ithefshaft 26 and sleeve-nut "10, through the medium ofthe brake 32, which tends to hold the shaft 26 and sleeve-nut 10 against rotation, and consequently the casings l3 andI19,Twhi-le the shaft 8opera'tes on the springs 2l and 22 and winds them up until the clutch 24, 25is disengaged and the brake 32 ceases toretard the axial rotation of the sleeve-hut 10.

In the operation of the machine, if the pick or toolca'rried by the tool-Socktor holder 30 fails to' strike the coal, rock, or other object,

When the pick or tool strikes the "coal, rock, or other object, the blow is in alarge-measure' cushioned by the disk,ring, or washer 62,

composed of other mechanical contrivances than those described and shown,' and,-furth-er,

the devices for controlling or'regulating' the the-shock is cushioned by' the cushion 51.

length of thestrokeof the percussive pick or tool-carrying shaft may be varied. without altering the-spiritof my invention.

Having thus described my invention", what I claim: is-

The combination of an. actuating mechanism having a reciprocating part, a reciproeating; tool-carrying shaft,a frictional clntch projection rigidly fixedrespectiavely to thereci-procatin-g. part and the shaft, said conoidal projzectionadaptcd to enter and. it sai d, socket fior retractingthetool carryin gshaft when said reciprocating part of the actuating; mechanism: is retracted", and means for disengaging; the ccnioidalv projection. from the conoidal socketwhen the; tool shafit is retracted; substantially as. described.

of an actuating mechanism having a rectilinearhyreci'procati'ng part; provided with a. friction clutch. section, a reciprocating toolshaft having; an attached. firictiion clutch sec- (ion adapted to fit the clutch section. on said reciprocating part, and retracted thereby, means for disengaging the clutch sectionsas:

' the tool-shafit. isretracted, means for project-- ing the; tool-shaft when the, clutch sections aredisengaged, and spring mechanism for advancingthe said reciprocating part of the act nating mechanism when the; clutch. sections are disengaged substantially as. described The combination in a, mining machine, of an actuating mechanism having a. reciprocating and axially rotating part. provided with a clutch section, a reciprocating toolshaft having an attached clutch section adapted to. fitithe. clutch section on said. re cipwocatin-gandi axially rotating part and retracted' thereby, means? for disengaging the.

clutch sections as the tool-shaft. is; retracted,

meansxfor projecting the tool-shaft when the clutch sections are disengaged, and. spring mechanism for advancingand axially turning the said reciprocating and axially rotating partof the actuating. mechanism when. the clutch sections are disengaged substantially as described.

4. 'Ihecombination in a mining machine,

engaging the threaded part. of said shaft. and provided with a clutch section, a; reciprocate ingtool-shaft having an. attached clutch sec tion adapted to fit the clutch section. on. said sleeve and be retracted. thereby, means: for disengaging the; clutch sections as the toolshaft: is retracted, a. spring for projecting the tool-shaft when the clutch sections are dise-ngagedi, and. means for advancing the sleeve torerengagethe clutch sectionsafter the; toolshaft is projected, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a mining machine, of areciprocating tool-carryingshaft, an actumeeting the tool-carryingshaft with the actumechanism, means fordisengaging the clutch on the back stroke of the tool-carrying' shaft, a spring for projecting the tool-carrying shaft, when: the clntch is disengaged, a cushion for cushioning thetool-carrying shaft or in part on the coal or rock, and a. spring mechanism: for advancing a part of the said actnating mechanism to reengagetheclntch, substantially as. described. composedof aconoidalsocketand a co-noidal The; combination with a reciprocating the socket can yield independentof said shaft and a. cushion interposed between the toolholding socket and the: outer end of said shaft for cushioning the; blow of the tool, substantially as; described, 2.. The: combination, in a mining machine Z. The: combination of a suitable: housing or frame, an actuating Shaina sleeve-antengaging the shaft, av tool-carrier, a, clutch for connecting the sleeve-nut. with the tool-carrier, means for-disengaging the clutch atthc proper time, and. a. spring for throwing the tool-carrier forward when. the clutch is disengaged, and meansforadvancingthesleeve- 3 nutto connect the clutch. after the forward stroke of the tool-carrier substantially as de- -t scribed.

8. Thecoinbinationwith atool-carrien actuating mechanism therefor, a. friction clutch 5 composed: of two friction clutch. sectionscar- 1 ried respective-1y the tool-carrier and the actuating mechanism, a; device for arresting the back stroke oi the tool-carrier todisengage the clutch. sections, and a spring compressedby-the back strokeofi the tool-carrier for imparting the working stroke: to: the: latter when the clutch sections are disengaged,

substantially as described;

9; The: combination of a. suitable housing or tramsan actuating shaft, a 81663 61! ut en- 1 gaging the shaft, a. recovering spring mechanism ac-tingon the sleeve-nnt,atool-carrier, a clutch for conncctingthesleeve-n at with the toolrcarrier, means for disengaging the clutch at the. proper time, and a spring for throwing thetool-carrier-forward when the clutch is disengaged, substantially as described.

of an actuating screw-threaded shaft, a sleeve if the. blow fails to be expend-ed either wholly lIO 10. The combination of a suitable housing,

1 or frame, an actuating shaft having a screwthreaded portion, a sleeve-nut engaging the shaft, two concentric casings rigidly connect- 1 ed. at one end, the innerone of. which iskeyed to the sleeve-nut, recovering springs connected at one end with the concentric casings,

. anda. spring for throwingthe toolcarrier forward when. the clutchisdisengaged substan- E tiallyas described.

atingmechanism therefor, a. clutch for con.- 5

11'. The combination of anactuatingmechating mechanism with the tool-carrier, and a brake acting on the tool-carrier to arrest the rotary motion thereof when the clutch sections are engaging, substantially as decribed.

12. The combination of an actuating shaft, a sleeve-nut engaging the shaft, recovering springs acting upon the sleeve-nut to rotate the same, a tool-carrying shaft, a clutch for connecting the sleeve-nut with the tool-carryingshaft, and a brake acting on the toolcarrying shaft to arrest its rotation when the clutch sections are engaging, substantially as described. I r

13. The combination of a percussive pick or toolrcarrier having a clutch section, an actuating shafthaving a screw-threaded portion, a sleeve engaging the threaded portion of -the actuating shaft and provided with a clutch section, a recovering spring mechanism connected with the sleeve, a device arranged in the path of the clutchsection on the pick or tool carrier for Separating the clutch sections on the back stroke of said carrier, and means for adjusting said device to varythe stroke of vthe pick or tool-carrier, substantially as described.

14, The combination of an actuating mech- ,.anism having a reciprocating and axially-r0- tatablepart provided with a clutch section,

. mechanism, means for disengaging'the clutch sections on the back stroke of the tool carrying shaft, and a brake actingon said sleeve for arresting the, rotary motion of the toolcarrying shaft when the clutch sections are engaging, substantially. asdescribed,

r In testimony whereof'I have hereuntoset my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses. H

' osoARn. Z OHE.

. Witnesses: V g

Ortns E. OLVER, FRANK T. OKELL. 

